Notable places

Cadiz is Atlantic, not Mediterranean: one of the oldest cities in western Europe, with Cape Trafalgar, the sherry towns and the Sierra de Grazalema in its province.

The Leaning Tower is Pisa cathedral's bell tower, not a building beside it. Siena's cathedral is thirteenth-century marble, not nine-century brick. The frescoes at Monte Oliveto Maggiore are Signorelli's and Sodoma's. And Tuscany has eight World Heritage inscriptions.

The hill above the port: the castle, the Magic Fountain, the MNAC, the Miro foundation, the Mies pavilion, the Olympic ring and the gardens, with three separate cable-hauled ways up.

Gaudi's apartment block on the Passeig de Gracia, known as La Pedrera: a stone front hung on a steel frame, no load-bearing internal walls, and the witch-scarer chimneys on the roof.

Gaudi's hillside park above Gracia, built as a housing estate that failed. The monumental zone is ticketed, timed and capped, and must be booked; the woods above remain free.

Antoni Gaudi's buildings in Barcelona: the Sagrada Familia, Park Guell and Casa Mila have pages of their own, with Casa Batllo, Casa Vicens, Palau Guell and the crypt at Colonia Guell beside them.

Barcelona's old town, much of which was built or rebuilt in the 1920s and 1930s to look medieval, with the genuine Roman city underneath it.